The prominent folds of endometrium in this uterus opened to reveal the endometrial cavity are an example of cellular hyperplasia. Cells forming both the endometrial glands and the stroma have increased in number. As a result, the size of the endometrial lining of the uterus has increased. Some increase is physiologic with a normal menstrual cycle. However, the increase shown here is pathologic, because of continued abnormal hormonal stimulation.

Question: What may the patient experience?

Answer
Vaginal bleeding may occur when the hyperplastic endometrium breaks down, and in association with abnormal menstrual cycles.